India’s Climate Diplomacy in a Multipolar World: Strategy, Constraints, and Emerging Leadership

Abstract

Climate change has become a central issue in international relations, reshaping diplomatic priorities and global governance structures. In a multipolar world, emerging economies play a crucial role in balancing developmental needs with environmental commitments. This paper examines India’s climate diplomacy through a political economy and international relations framework. Using the Climate Diplomacy Strategy Framework (CDSF), the study analyses strategic positioning, structural constraints, and emerging leadership roles. The paper argues that India’s climate diplomacy reflects a calibrated approach that balances developmental imperatives with global environmental responsibilities, positioning it as an increasingly influential actor in global climate governance.